Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease, improving quality of life and reducing costs compared to chronic dialysis. Given the increasing demand for organs and the limitations of cadaveric transplantation, laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy has emerged as a safe and effective alternative.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was con- ducted of living donors who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy during the period January 2017–January 2025 at the General Hospital of the Plaza de la Salud. Demographic variables, surgical findings, intra- and postoperative complications, as well as the evolution of renal function in these patients were evaluated.
Results: A total of 167 donors were included, of whom 66.47% were women. The predominant age group was 50–59 years (26.95%). Most nephrectomies were performed on the left side (84.43%). Of the donors, 79.64% presented no anatomical anomalies, while 7.78% presented a polar artery in the extracted kidney. The majority of these patients (98.20%) did not present intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications were mostly mild (Clavien-Dindo I: 28.74%). Postoperative creatinine remained between 1–2 mg/dL in 68.86% of cases, with increases >2 mg/dL in only 2.99%, mainly in patients over 50 years of age (p=0.021). Blood pressure >120/80 mmHg was observed in 19.8% of cases, also associated with age >50 years (p=0.007). Hospital stay was 1–2 days in 79.64% of cases.
Conclusions: Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy at the General Hospital of the Plaza de la Salud is a safe and effective technique, with a low incidence of complications and adequate preservation of renal function in donors. The identification of risk factors related to advanced age reinforces the need for long-term follow-up. These results support the expansion of the program and the creation of systematic registries to optimize clinical decision-making.
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